Every wooden pallet falls into one of two fundamental design categories: stringer pallets and block pallets. The difference lies in how the top and bottom deck boards are connected and supported, and it has significant implications for strength, handling, and cost.
Stringer pallets use two or three long boards (stringers) running the length of the pallet to support the deck boards. The stringers are typically 2×4 or 3×4 lumber, and the deck boards are nailed across them. This is the most common design, used in approximately 85% of all pallets in the US.
Stringer pallets are typically 2-way entry when using solid stringers — forks can only enter from the two open ends. However, notched stringers allow partial 4-way entry, which is the standard for GMA pallets. The notch provides just enough clearance for fork tines to enter from the sides.
Block pallets use 6 or 9 blocks (solid wood cubes) instead of stringers. The blocks are positioned at the corners, midpoints, and center, with boards connecting them. This design allows true 4-way fork entry — forks can fully enter from any direction.
Strength comparison: block pallets are generally stronger than stringer pallets of the same size and lumber quality. The block design distributes weight more evenly, and the 4-way entry means there are no structural notches weakening the support members. A block pallet typically handles 30-50% more dynamic load than a comparable stringer pallet.
Cost comparison: block pallets cost 20-40% more than stringer pallets due to the additional materials and more complex assembly. For applications where the extra strength and 4-way access justify the cost, blocks are worth the investment.
Application guidance: use stringer pallets for standard logistics, warehousing, and shipping where 2-way or partial 4-way entry is sufficient. Choose block pallets for heavy loads, automated handling systems, 4-way access requirements, and racking applications where maximum load support is critical.